Formacao Economica Do Brasil
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Here in Brazil, in the last three decades, I tried about three times, to read this bad, but important book. This book is 100% writen in Portuguese. I know that this book was translated to English.This book was writen by Brazilian economist and politician Celso Monteiro Furtado ( 1920-2004). Called by anyone just 'Celso Furtado', he was a Leftist. Celso Furtado was a so 'competent' economist, that he told in 1970 decade that 'Venezuelan people will be among the most richests, in the world, before the year 2000'. Well, in our times Cuban and Venezuelan are among the poorests in the world. Venezuelan people was far reacher than the peoples of Portugal, South Korea, etc. in 1974. Now, average level of life in Venezuela is is far behind the level of life of Botswana, Colombia, Portugal, South Korea, etc.
In a simple sentence. The author was a terrible man, but he thought himself as an expert and remains respected even today. Furtado's terrible economic ideas remains used in places such as Brazil, Argentina, Venezuela,etc. even today, with terrible results.
This book begins with an introduction. It is divided into five parts. The first part is 'Fundamentos econômicos da ocupação territorial'. The second part is 'Economia escravagista de agricultura tropical. Séculos XVI e XVII'. The third part is 'Economia escravagista mineira. Século XVIII'. The fourth part is 'Economia de transição do trabalho assalariado'. The last part is called 'Economia de transição para um sistema industrial. Século XX'. Each part has a number of small chapters.
The main problems of this book are these:
1- The author was blinded by his marxists believes and the will to use this bad book, as a way to preaching it. This book is mainly fun and 100% easy to understand. This fact gave me the decision to give this book bad. For example, this book has these sentences: 'O poder econômico do Estado cresceu desmesuradamente, e o enorme aumento no fluxo de renda gerado pelos gastos públicos - ou por 'gastos privados subsidiados pelo governo - provocou uma crônica inflação que se traduziu em persistente déficit na balança comercial'. Translated these sentrnces: 'The economic power of the state grew disproportionately, and the huge increase in the income stream generated for public spending - or 'subsidized private spending government - caused a chronic inflation that has resulted in persistent trade deficit.' Correct fact, but instead of to preach capitalists policies, he preaches populists and marxists policies.
2- As is so common among Brazilian left's book, the author just doesn't knows nothing about agriculture. As an agronomist, I realized this fact, in each part of this book. It was a decisive fact that (later) United States and Canada had soil of great natural fertility and temperate climate, while Brazil had another climate and type of soil.
3- The author is also incompetent or at least seems to not know nothing, about the culture and religion of Europeans. He recognizes the advances of Holland, compared to Portugal and Spain. The fact this advance came from Jews being expelled from Portugal and Spain, in the first years of XVI century, while Holland gave freedom of religion for its Jews. Spain was under the leadership of mad and incompetents kings from the first decades of XVI century until firsts decades of XIX century. Kings of Englands were better than Iberian conterparts, from the last part of XVI century to XIX century, when colonial empires in America became over. The effect of Portuguese and Spanish corruption, bureaucracy or plain incompetence to their colonies have no real place, in this book. Between XVI century and 1889, Brazil was ever under the leadership of kings incompetents or even mads. The small 'Regência' in Brazil, between 1831 and 1840, was a short and doomed regime. D. Pedro II was even more incompetent, than his father. For instance, to print anything or to open a banking agency was a crime in Brazil, between 1500 and 1808. Both activities were 100% free, in the United States, at the same centuries. Bureaucracy remains a calamity in Brazil and Latin America. For instance; you can open or close a company in New Zealand, in just one day. In Brazil, you can wait for many years to have an environmental license.
4- The author is ever with the will to preach the readers, with useless marxism, even when he writes: 'E essas reduzidas exportações se liquidavam a preços que não superavam a metade daqueles que haviam prevalecido na etapa anterior. Tudo
indica que a renda real gerada pela produção açucareira estava reduzida a um quarto do que havia sido em sua melhor época. ' . Translated: 'And these exports are reduced were payed at prices not exceeded half of those who had prevailed in the previous step. Everything indicates that the real income generated by the sugar production was reduced to a quarter of what was in his prime.' In simple terms, the author found that even centuries ago, the European salaries were growing faster than the prices of products, four times in the case such as sugar. This obvious fact, would be a sentence to gives Karl Marx's ideas preached in the terrible book 'The Capital' were there's the preaching that salaries were ever falling, compared to the prices of products (sugar included)as plain fakes. The author is ever blinded by Marx's preaching.
5- The obvious fact that education is the main way to the progress is forgotten, in this book. United States had University of Harvard, about three centuries before Brazil had its first university. Terrible level of education remains the source of poverty in Latin American countries today. And Left's dominance in all level of Latin American sentences all Latin American to poverty, economic crisis and corruption.
6-The fact that political leadership was decisive hasn't any real place, again thanks to the marxists ideas of the author. For instance, why Japan in XIX century became an industrial potency, while Brazil remained a poor country? Emperor Meiji changed Japan, builting an industrial power, while Brazilian king D. Pedro II (1825-1891) based his doomed empire into slavery, corruption and massive public debts. For instance, health plus education were less than 1% of public spending in Brazil, between 1840 and 1889, under D. Pedro II's government. At these same decades, Japan and emperor Meiji built the best education and health system of Asian at these same years. Smallpox, for instance, was over in Brazil, only in 1971, while smallpox was over in Japan, more than one century before. Development comes from good health and education, not marxists policies. And this obvious fact hasn't any place in this book.
Then, why I gave two stars for this bad book, instead of just one? These are the main reasons:
1- This book remains very influent in Brazil; even in our times. Fresh edictions of this book, are being sold.
2- Even so biased, writen in late 1950 decade,this book, remains a landmark.
3- After had writen this bad book, Celso Furtado became even worse and the terrible 'prophecy' that Venezuelan people will be among the most richests, in the world, before the year 2000, isn't in this book. It was told by Celso Furtado, while living in exile, in the first part of 1970 decade. No book writen with anger could be good. This book was writen without no anger, before the exile of its author. The author died respected and with many money.
Catalogue Persistent Identifier
APA Citation
Furtado, Celso. (1967). Formacao economica do Brasil. Sao Paulo : Companhia Editora Nacional
MLA Citation
Furtado, Celso. Formacao economica do Brasil Companhia Editora Nacional Sao Paulo 1967
Formacao Economica Do Brasil
Australian/Harvard Citation
Furtado, Celso. 1967, Formacao economica do Brasil Companhia Editora Nacional Sao Paulo
Wikipedia Citation
Please see Wikipedia's template documentation for further citation fields that may be required.
| Bib ID | 730278 | |
|---|---|---|
| Format | Book, Online - Google Books | |
| Author |
| |
| Edition | 7. ed. (rev.). | |
| Description | Sao Paulo : Companhia Editora Nacional, 1967 248 p. ; 22 cm. | |
| Series | Biblioteca universitaria ; Serie 2. Ciencias sociais, v. 23 | |
| Notes | Includes bibliographical references. | |
| Subjects | Brazil -- Economic conditions. |
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